
Keywords: homing endonuceases
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Regulating the expression of gene drives is key to increasing their invasive potential and the mitigation of resistanceA. Hammond, X. Karlsson, I. Morianou, K. Kyrou, A. Beaghton, M. Gribble, N. Kranjc, R. Galizi, A. Burt, A. Crisanti and T. Nolan, PLOS Genetics, 17:e1009321. 2021.![]() Here we show that restricting the cutting activity of the gene drive to the germline tissue is crucial to maintaining its potency and we illustrate how failure to restrict this activity can lead to the generation of mutations that can make mosquitoes resistant to the gene drive. Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Detecting the population dynamics of an autosomal sex ratio distorter transgene in malaria vector mosquitoesP. Pollegioni, A. R. North, T. Persampieri, A. Bucci, R. L. Minuz, D. A. Groneberg, T. Nolan, P. A. Papathanos, A. Crisanti and R. Muller, Journal of Applied Ecology, 11. 2020.![]() A sex-distorting autosomal transgene has been developed recently in G3 mosquitoes, a laboratory strain of the malaria vectorAnopheles gambiaes.l. Following the World Health Organization guidance framework for the testing of GM mosquitoes, we assessed the dynamics of this ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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The yeast mating-type switching endonuclease HO is a domesticated member of an unorthodox homing genetic element familyA. Y. Coughlan, L. Lombardi, S. Braun-Galleani, A. A. R. Martos, V. Galeote, F. Bigey, S. Dequin, K. P. Byrne and K. H. Wolfe, eLife, 9:e55336. 2020.![]() The mating-type switching endonuclease HO plays a central role in the natural life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but its evolutionary origin is unknown. HO is a recent addition to yeast genomes, present in only a few genera close to Saccharomyces. Here we show that HO is ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Strategies for Achieving Gene Drive – Over-ReplicationGeneConvene Global Collaborative, GeneConvene Global Collaborative, 2020.![]() This short video explains how there are essentially three genetic strategies for achieve 'drive' or 'gene drive'. This video focuses on Over-Replication, a very common strategy associated wtih different types of genetic elements found in nature that 'drive'. This strategy is ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Assessment of a Split Homing Based Gene Drive for Efficient Knockout of Multiple GenesN. P. Kandul, J. Liu, A. Buchman, V. M. Gantz, E. Bier and O. S. Akbari, G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics, 10:827-837. 2019.![]() Homing based gene drives (HGD) possess the potential to spread linked cargo genes into natural populations and are poised to revolutionize population control of animals. Given that host encoded genes have been identified that are important for pathogen transmission, targeting ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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The potential for a released autosomal X-shredder becoming a driving-Y chromosome and invasively suppressing wild populations of malaria mosquitoesAlcalay, Y., S. Fuchs, R. Galizi, F. Bernardini, R. E. Haghighat-Khah, D. B. Rusch, J. R. Adrion, M. W. Hahn, P. Tortosa and P. A. Papathanos, bioRxiv, 2019:860551. 2019.![]() Synthetic sex-ratio distorters based on X-chromosome shredding are predicted to be more efficient than sterile males for population suppression of malaria mosquitoes using genetic control. X chromosome shredding operates through the targeted elimination of X-chromosome-bearing ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Plasmodium falciparum (Haemosporodia: Plasmodiidae) and O’nyong-nyong virus development in a transgenic Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) strainMumford, J. D., C. A. Long, S. C. Weaver, K. Miura, E. Wang, R. Rotenberry, E. M. Dotson and M. Q. Benedict, " Journal of Medical Entomology, 56:936-941. 2019.![]() ransgenic Anopheles gambiae Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes have been developed that confer sexual sterility on males that carry a transgene encoding a protein which cuts ribosomal DNA. A relevant risk concern with transgenic mosquitoes is that their capacity to transmit ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Gene drive to reduce malaria transmission in sub-Saharan AfricaBurt, AC, Mamadou; Crisanti, Andrea; Diabate, Abdoulaye; Kayondo, Jonathan K., Journal of Responsible Innovation, 5:S66-S80. 2018.![]() Despite impressive progress, malaria continues to impose a substantial burden of mortality and morbidity, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, and new tools will be needed to achieve elimination. Gene drive is a natural process by which some genes are inherited at a ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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A CRISPR–Cas9 gene drive targeting doublesex causes complete population suppression in caged Anopheles gambiae mosquitoesKyrou, KH, Andrew M.; Galizi, Roberto; Kranjc, Nace; Burt, Austin; Beaghton, Andrea K.; Nolan, Tony; Crisanti, Andrea, Nature Biotechnology, 36:1062–1066. 2018.![]() In the human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, the gene doublesex (Agdsx) encodes two alternatively spliced transcripts, dsx-female (AgdsxF) and dsx-male (AgdsxM), that control differentiation of the two sexes. The female transcript, unlike the male, contains an exon (exon 5) ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Gene drive: Evolved and syntheticBurt, AC, Andrea, ACS Chemical Biology, 13:343-346. 2018.![]() Drive is a process of accelerated inheritance from one generation to the next that allows some genes to spread rapidly through populations even if they do not contribute to—or indeed even if they detract from—organismal survival and reproduction. Genetic elements that can ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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How driving endonuclease genes can be used to combat pests and disease vectorsGodfray, HCJN, A.; Burt, A., BMC Biology, 15:81. 2017.![]() Driving endonuclease genes (DEGs) spread through a population by a non-Mendelian mechanism. In a heterozygote, the protein encoded by a DEG causes a double-strand break in the homologous chromosome opposite to where its gene is inserted and when the break is repaired using the ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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CRISPR-Cas9: Safeguarding Gene DrivesHarvard University, , 2015.![]() In this animation, learn how effective safeguarding mechanisms developed at the Wyss Institute and Harvard Medical School can be applied to ensure gene drive research is done responsibly in the laboratory. These safeguards enable responsible scientific investigation into how gene ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Modelling the spatial spread of a homing endonuclease gene in a mosquito populationNorth, AB, A.; Godfray, H. C. J., Journal of Applied Ecology, 50:1216-1225. 2013.![]() Homing endonuclease genes (HEGs) exist naturally in many single-celled organisms and can show extremely strong genetic drive allowing them to spread through populations into which they are introduced. They are being investigated as tools to manipulate the populations of important ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Evolution of divergent DNA recognition specificities in VDE homing endonucleases from two yeast speciesPosey, KLK, V.; Burt, A.; Gimble, F. S., Nucleic Acids Research, 32:3947-3956. 2004.![]() Homing endonuclease genes (HEGs) are mobile DNA elements that are thought to confer no benefit to their host. They encode site-specific DNA endonucleases that perpetuate the element within a species population by homing and disseminate it between species by horizontal transfer. ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |
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Homing endonuclease genes: the rise and fall and rise again of a selfish elementBurt, AK, V., Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 14:609-615. 2004.![]() Homing endonuclease genes (HEGs) are selfish genetic elements that spread by first cleaving chromosomes that do not contain them and then getting copied across to the broken chromosome as a byproduct of the repair process. The success of this strategy will depend on the ... Keywords: b chromosomes, driving X, driving y, gene drive reviews, gene drive synthetic, homing endonuceases, meiotic drive, segregation distorter, toxin antidote |

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