New genetic editing technique can modify wild populations with less risk
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Macquarie University,
Phys.org,
2024.
A new technique developed by researchers from Macquarie University and the California Institute of Technology could allow scientists to more safely alter the genetic makeup of wild populations. The study is published in the journal Nature Communications. The researchers have proposed a new technique that aims to address some of the regulatory challenges and public concerns associated with existing genetic modification methods. Lead author Dr. Maciej Maselko from Applied Biosciences at Macquarie University says the technique, called an Allele Sail, would allow beneficial genetic changes to spread through a population without leaving “foreign DNA” behind. “Allele Sail offers a way to change the traits and fates of wild populations in ways that may be more acceptable, as the genetically modified part is introduced at low frequencies and usually won’t last forever,” he says. Genetic engineering could address major global challenges by altering the genetic makeup of certain wild populations—for example, to combat mosquito-borne illnesses such as malaria, or stop the spread of environmentally harmful invasive pests like cane toads. But there is genuine public concern about introducing genetic modification into wild populations, and many regulatory constraints. People are worried that modified organisms could contain foreign DNA that cause unpredictable ecological consequences over time; they worry that engineered genes could spread to other species with unknown impacts on ecosystems; and they also fear that once genetic modifications are introduced, they may not be able to be reversed. Traditional methods of genetic modification can also see a rapid spread of engineered genes within a population, raising both ecological and ethical questions. In response, many regulatory frameworks have been introduced to address genetic modification, presenting further challenges. More related to this: Gene drive outcomes not determined by genetic variation – A Podcast
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