Sex ratio distortion in Acraea encedon (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae) is caused by a male-killing bacterium
Sex ratio distortion in Acraea encedon (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae) is caused by a male-killing bacterium
Tags: Evolution, Gene drive, Transmission distortionJiggins, FMH, G. D. D.; Majerus, M. E. N., Heredity, 81:87-91. 1998.
Females of the butterfly Acraea encedon produce either entirely female offspring or males and females in an almost 1:1 sex ratio. The sex ratio produced is maternally inherited and was previously attributed to sex chromosome meiotic drive. We report that all-female lineages are associated with low egg-hatching rates and that the trait is cured by antibiotic treatment. We thus reject the hypothesis that this sex ratio bias is caused by a meiotically driven sex chromosome and, instead, propose that it is associated with a maternally inherited bacterium that kills males.