Scholarly Literature

This is an aggregation of scholarly literature from peer-reviewed journals,  bioRxiv , medRxiv and arXiv preprint servers focused on natural and engineered selfish genetic elements and genetic biocontrol. New citations are added as they appear. This content is intended for anyone interested in the scholarly literature on gene drive and genetic biocontrol.


Improvement of colony management in insect mass-rearing for sterile insect technique applications

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Adly M.M. Abd-Alla, Anne Geiger, David Haymer,  Insect Science,  2025.
Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) applications against major insect pests and disease vectors rely on the cost-effective production of high-quality sterile males. This largely depends on the optimal management of target pest colonies by maximizing the benefits provided by a ...

Leveraging Sex Determination Systems for Genetic Biocontrol of Dipteran Pests

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Maxwell J. Scott, Zhijian Tu,  Current Opinion in Insect Science,  2025.
Genetic biocontrol is an increasingly important way to suppress insect pest populations and to mitigate their economic and health impact. One key advantage is that it is species-specific as it relies on mating of released males with wild females to either suppress or modify ...

The role of the transformer gene in sex determination and its employment in CRISPR/Cas9-based homing gene drive in the global fruit pest Drosophila suzukii

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Dan Deng, Xueying Yi, Wen Wen, Liuqing He, Wei Peng,  Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,  184. 2025.
Sex determination of Diptera is established by the cascade genes such as transformer (tra), though the primary signals for sex determination differ among different insects. Here, we report the isolation, expression and function of tra gene in an invasive pest, Drosophila ...

Effect of egg irradiation on development and sterility of wild-type and Wolbachia trans-infected Aedes aegypti mosquito vectors

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Kittayapong P, Ninphanomchai S, Thayanukul P, Limohpasmanee W,  PLoS One,  20. 2025.
Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) or a combination of the two has become alternative promising vector control approaches. In order to apply these approaches, the targeted mosquitoes need to be sterilized and released. So far, the irradiation of ...

SELECTING A LARVAL DIET FOR SCALABLE MASS-REARING OF AEDES AEGYPTI IN STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE APPLICATIONS

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Aryaprema VS, Blore K, Sypes O, et al.,  Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association,  2025.
Controlling Aedes aegypti populations through traditional methods is increasingly difficult due to the development of insecticide resistance and their use of cryptic breeding habitats. The sterile insect technique has emerged as an effective tool for integrated vector ...

Heterogeneity in inhibition of genetically diverse dengue virus strains by Wolbachia

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Afeez Sodeinde, Emilie Finch, Ke Li, et al.,  bioRxiv,  2025.
The release of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transinfected with the virus-inhibiting Wolbachia bacterium has the potential to reduce the burden caused by dengue virus (DENV). However, the robustness of this control strategy across the wide genetic diversity of DENV remains ...

Apprehension of Technosciences and Initiation to Education for Uncertainty: Case of Gene Drive

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Hayet Saoudi and Hanen Bouamoud,  Qualitative Approaches to Pedagogical Engineering,  2025.
This research falls within the framework of education about uncertainty. The authors focused on one of the technosciences, namely genetic engineering, and treated it as a ‘socially acute issue'. The research involved a group of Tunisian third-year students in life and earth ...

Rapid protamine evolution suppresses meiotic drive in Drosophila

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Ching-Ho Chang, Aida Flor de la Cruz, Isabel Mejia Natividad, Alex Noyola, Harmit S. Malik,  bioRxiv,  2025.
Many animal species replace histones with protamines during spermatogenesis. Despite their importance for sperm function, protamines rapidly evolve in many species; the biological causes behind their rapid evolution remain unknown. Here, using in vivo gene replacement, we ...

Suppression of Aedes albopictus in Sri Lanka using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) with a sustained effect

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Menaka Hapugoda, Nilmini Silva Gunawardene, Tharaka Ranathunge, Sudath Samaraweera, K. Karunathilake, Bazoumana B.D. Sow, Gayan Parakrama Withanage, Indika Weerasinghe, Hamidou Maiga and Jeremy Bouyer,  Parasite,  32. 2025.
Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in Sri Lanka, leading to recurrent epidemics and imposing substantial socio-economic burdens. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) against Aedes albopictus (Skuse), the predominant ...

Single-cell consequences of X-linked meiotic drive in stalk-eyed flies

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Price PD, Parkus SM, Lloyd VJ, Alston BT, Bradshaw SL, Bates S, et al.,  PLoS Genet,  21. 2025.
Meiotic drivers, a class of selfish gene, are frequently located on sex chromosomes and have dramatic impacts on gamete development. However, our understanding of their molecular consequences for gamete production and sex chromosome regulation has focused on a handful of model ...

Advances in population-based interventions to control falciparum malaria

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Samuel E Glossop, Thomas J Peto, Bipin Adhikari,  Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,  2025.
Malaria is a complex disease and transmission can be prevented in multiple ways. A range of interventions to achieve this became widely available from the year 2000, and cases continually declined, but progress has plateaued since 2015. This review aims to cover the ...

Reprogramming Sex for Vector Control: Maleness-Associated Transgenes in Aedes albopictus

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Doron Shalom Yishai Zaada, Philippos Aris Papathanos, Eric Marois,  Current Opinion in Insect Science,  2025.
Among other challenges, the world currently faces the expansion of pest insects such as the tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, a growing threat to public health due to the pathogens it can transmit. Current control approaches based on insecticides or elimination of mosquito larval ...

Experimental demonstration of daisy chain gene drive and modelling of daisy suppression systems

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Jialiang Guo, Weizhe Chen, Jackson Champer,  bioRxiv,  2025.
CRISPR-based gene drive can address ecological problems by biased inheritance coupled with an effector for either population modification of suppression. However, the potential risk of uncontrolled spread impedes some applications of gene drive. Daisy chain gene drives have ...

Natural Selection of Synthetic Gene Drives for Population Suppression Can Favor an Intermediate Strength of Drive

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P. J. Beaghton and Austin Burt,  The American Naturalist,  206. 2025.
Synthetic gene drives are being investigated as tools to suppress pest populations, and it is important to understand how natural selection will act on variant drivers that may either arise by de novo mutation or be intentionally released. In this study, we extend previous ...

The Urgent Need for More Research on Wolbachia-Based Mosquito Interventions in Public Health

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Osvaldo Marinotti,  Acta Tropica,  2025.
The release of Wolbachia pipientis-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes has emerged as a novel strategy to reduce the transmission of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Wolbachia-based approaches to dengue control include population replacement, which reduces ...

Engagement for genetic modification technologies in conservation: For whom, how, and for what ends?

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Sylvia Nissen, Franca A. Buelow, Riley Taitingfong, Amanda Black,  Environmental Science & Policy,  171. 2025.
Questions of engagement loom large for the use of genetic modification technologies in conservation. As scientific teams rapidly move towards implementing changes that will fundamentally alter entire species, concerns are regularly raised that associated engagement activities are ...

Wolbachia Infection in Iranian Malaria Vectors: Prevalence and Biocontrol Implications

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Shahin Saeedi, Fateh Karimian, Seyed Hassan Moosa-Kazemi, et al.,  Tropical Medicine & International health,  2025.
Wolbachia-based vector control is an emerging tool in malaria prevention research. This study evaluates Wolbachia infection in Iranian mosquitoes, focusing on seven known malaria vectors. Mosquitoes were collected from nine provinces of Iran (2016–2019), ...

Sequence and expression analysis of potential spermatogenesis-specific gene cognates in the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa

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Alfred M. Handler, Richard B. Furlong, Chao Chen, Daniel A. Hahn,  Insect Science,  2025.
The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a highly effective biologically-based method for the suppression of many insect pest populations. SIT efficacy could be improved by methods of male sterilization that avoid the use of irradiation that can result in diminished fitness and ...

Development and evaluation of pupal color-based genetic sexing strains in Anastrepha obliqua

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Daisy P. Cárdenas-Enríquez, Víctor García-Martínez, Jorge Ibáñez-Palacios, et al.,  Insect Science,  2025.
Anastrepha obliqua, a neotropical pest widely distributed in the Americas, attacks mango and other tropical fruits. In Mexico, it is controlled through integrated pest management, using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) as a main component. The applicability of SIT is ...

Application of Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) for Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895) in Sri Lanka: Dose optimization, mating competitiveness and release ratios

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Harishchandra J, Abeyewickreme W, Premaratne R, Hapugoda M,  PLoS One,  20. 2025.
Sri Lanka has experienced severe dengue epidemics in recent years, despite the extensive vector control measures taken. Therefore, it is necessary to find sustainable vector control strategies against dengue. Novel vector control tools need to be tested for the feasibility of ...

Long-Term Durability and Public Health Impact of City-Wide wMel Wolbachia Mosquito Releases in Niterói, Brazil, During a Dengue Epidemic Surge

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Anders, Katherine L., Gabriel Sylvestre Ribeiro, Renato da Silva Lopes, Pilar Amadeu, Thiago Rodrigues da Costa, Thais Irene Souza Riback, Karlos Diogo de Melo Chalegre, Wesley Pimentel de Oliveira, Cátia Cabral da Silva, Marcos Vinicius Ferreira Mendes B,  Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease,  10. 2025.
In 2024, the Americas experienced the largest dengue outbreak on record and Brazil was among the worst affected countries, reporting 6.6 million cases and 6200 deaths. We report the long-term entomological and epidemiological effectiveness of city-wide deployment ...

Genomic Insights into Wolbachia Strain wCin2USA1 Reveal Promising Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Potential and Next-Generation Dengue Biocontrol

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Istiaque Zaeem, Nurnabi Azad Jewel, Mohimenul Haque Rolin, et al.,  bioRxiv,  2025.
Dengue fever is one of the fastest-growing mosquito-borne diseases in the world, causing illness and economic challenges in many countries. Current mosquito control methods, such as insecticides, are often costly, less effective over time, and harmful to the environment. An ...

Autosomally-encoded segregation distortion of sex chromosomes

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Greenberg Naomi L., Patten Manus M. and Schenkel Martijn A.,  Proc. R. Soc. B.,  292. 2025.
Some selfish genetic elements drive at meiosis to achieve transmission distortion, breaking the rules of Mendelian segregation to enhance their own evolutionary success. It has been shown that enhancers of drive must act in cis in order to gain the selfish benefit of drive and ...

The shibirets4 mutation causes temperature sensitive paralytic and lethal phenotypes in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni

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Anzu Okada, Mamoru Okamoto, Thu N.M. Nguyen, et al.,  Insect Science,  2025.
Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is among the most damaging insect pests to the Australian horticultural industry as larvae infest ripening fruits or vegetables prior to harvest. Genetic biocontrol using Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs have been used to ...

Spindle checkpoint can secure additional cheating time for selfish expanded centromeres

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Walton, R. Zaak et al.,  Current Biology,  35:3687-3696. 2025.
Expanded centromeric satellite repeats can violate Mendel’s law of segregation by preferentially segregating to the egg. In mice, these selfish centromeres enrich microtubule destabilizers at pericentromeres to detach from the spindle and flip toward the egg side of the meiotic ...

Comparison of the standard and boosted sterile insect techniques for the suppression of Aedes albopictus populations under semi-field conditions

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Marlène Dupraz, Renaud Lancelot, Gorgui Diouf, et al.,  Parasite,  32. 2025.
Innovative control tools are needed against Aedes mosquitoes. The boosted sterile insect technique (bSIT) consists of treating sterile males with a biocide prior to their release to contaminate larval habitats. We compared the efficacy of SIT and boosted SIT to prevent the ...

Growth and development of two predator species fed a diet of genetically engineered mosquitoes

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Egan, C.M., Chamberland, L., Ditter, R.E. et al.,  Parasites Vectors,  18. 2025.
Genetically engineered mosquitoes (GEMs) with gene drives have been developed for malaria control but remain untested in natural environments. Upon release, GEMs are expected to modify or replace wild-type counterparts, potentially uniquely interacting with nontarget organisms ...

Emerging challenges for mosquito-borne disease control and the promise of symbiont-based transmission-blocking strategies

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Gao H, Hu W, Cui C, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Jacobs-Lorena M, et al.,  PLoS Pathog,  21. 2025.
Mosquitoes serve as vectors for a variety of pathogens that cause life-threatening diseases, such as malaria, dengue, Zika, and yellow fever. With the rise of antimalarial drug resistance and a lack of therapeutics or prophylactics for dengue and Zika, current disease control ...

Genetic control strategies for population suppression in the Anopheles gambiae complex: a review of current technologies

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Alekos Simoni, Ignacio Tolosana, Federica Bernardini,  Current Opinion in Insect Science,  2025.
Malaria continues to pose a critical public health threat, with mosquitoes from the Anopheles gambiae complex acting as the main vectors of the disease in sub-Saharan Africa, where approximately 95% of malaria-related deaths occur. Despite significant advancements in vector ...

Effectiveness of the sterile insect technique in controlling Aedes albopictus as part of an integrated control measure: evidence from a first small-scale field trial in Switzerland

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Parrondo Monton, D., Ravasi, D., Campana, V. et al.,  Infect Dis Poverty,  14. 2025.
The invasive Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) poses growing health risks across Europe. In Switzerland, a preliminary field trial was conducted to assess the feasibility of integrating the sterile insect technique (SIT) into existing integrated vector management (IVM), ...

Field Performance of a Self-Limiting, Genetically Engineered Fall Armyworm for Biological Pest Management

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Reavey Catherine E. , Domingues Felipe A. , Ercit Kyla, et al.,  Sec. Pest Management,  7. 2025.
The fall armyworm is one of the most globally significant agricultural pests, damaging corn, sorghum and other crops central to food production. It has developed resistance to several classes of chemical insecticides and, more recently, insect-resistant ‘Bt’ biotech corn ...

Conditional expression of Cas9 and dCas9 in Lucilia cuprina reveals dCas9-associated lethality

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Alexis Kriete, Tatiana Basika, Rossina Novas, et al.,  bioRxiv,  2025.
Conditional sex transformation systems are promising tools in the fight against insect pests. In this study, we developed and tested CRISPR-based, tetracycline-repressible sex transformation strains in the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina. Two CRISPR effector molecules, ...

Novel stressors and trait variation determine X-linked meiotic drive frequency

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Fisher Adam M., White Nicola, Bonsall Michael B., Price Tom AR. and Knell Robert J.,  Proc. R. Soc. B.,  292. 2025.
Sex ratio meiotic drive alleles bias their transmission by impairing the viability of non-drive gametes, leading to skewed population sex ratios. Despite theoretical predictions that drive alleles should reach fixation causing population extinction, meiotic drive persists at ...

Centromeres drive and take a break

Talbert, P.B., Henikoff, S.,  Chromosome Res,  33. 2025.
The identification of CENPA, CENPB, and CENPC by Earnshaw and Rothfield 40 years ago has revealed the remarkable diversity and complexity of centromeres and confirmed most seed plants and animals have centromeres comprised of complex satellite arrays. The rapid evolution of ...

Drive, suppression, and escape from suppression of a selfish chromosome

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Jackson Taylor Ridges, Jackson Bladen, Robert L. Unckless, Nitin Phadnis,  bioRxiv,  2025.
Meiotic drivers are selfish chromosomes that are predicted to spark a rapid intragenomic arms-race with their suppressors. However, the long-term persistence of unsuppressed selfish chromosomes in natural populations violates these theoretical expectations. The Drosophila ...

Genome Editing in Insect Pest Control: Importance, Strategies, and Future Implications

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Ipsita Samal, Tanmaya Kumar Bhoi, Deepak Kumar Mahanta, Ansh Raj, J. Komal, Alagesan Keerthana, Vinod Kumar Dubey,  Genome Editing for Pest Management,  2025.
Genome editing is a cutting-edge tool in biotechnology which brought about substantial changes in a variety of areas, including agriculture and pest control. As properly managing insect pests is critical for protecting food supplies and ensuring produce security, insect species ...

Sequence mismatch between gene-drive and target-site flanking regions significantly impairs homing efficiency in Culex quinquefasciatus

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Tim Harvey-Samuel, Rajdeep Kaur, Philip T Leftwich, et al.,  bioRxiv,  2025.
CRISPR/Cas9-based homing gene-drives (homing-drives) hold enormous potential as control tools for mosquito disease-vectors. These genomically-encoded technologies spread themselves through target populations by creating double-stranded DNA breaks on homologous chromosomes, into ...

Spatiotemporal complexity in interacting wild and sterile mosquito populations

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Mandal, G., Guin, L.N. & Chakravarty, S.,  Nonlinear Dyn,  2025.
In the present exploration, a mosquito population model is investigated that incorporates a non-linear, saturated release rate for sterile mosquitoes. The model framework leverages a reaction-diffusion system to generate spatiotemporal patterns. A thorough theoretical analysis is ...

Suppression of sex-ratio drive in Drosophila subobscura

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Sophie Lyth, Tom Gill, Andri Manser, et al.,  Evolution,  2025.
Selfish genetic elements enjoy an evolutionary advantage by enhancing their own transmission to offspring, and their genetic suppressors are favored when they re-establish fair inheritance patterns. Here, we study an X-linked sex ratio drive system (SR) in Drosophila subobscura, ...

Threshold-dependent improvement in sex separation efficiency by NaCl pretreatment of larval–pupal mixtures in mass-reared Aedes albopictus

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Yan Sun, Junyan Zhang, Keqing Zheng, et al.,  Pest Science Management,  2025.
The removal of female mosquitoes is a critical requirement in sterile insect technique (SIT) for mosquito control. Improving the efficiency and accuracy of sex sorting is therefore vital. Previous studies have demonstrated that treating larval–pupal mixtures with a 15% sodium ...

CRISPR-GPT for agentic automation of gene-editing experiments

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Qu, Y., Huang, K., Yin, M. et al.,  Nat. Biomed. Eng,  2025.
Performing effective gene-editing experiments requires a deep understanding of both the CRISPR technology and the biological system involved. Meanwhile, despite their versatility and promise, large language models (LLMs) often lack domain-specific knowledge and struggle to ...

How population control of pests is modulated by density dependence: The perspective of genetic biocontrol

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Cole D. Butler, Alun L. Lloyd,  Journal of Theoretical Biology,  2025.
Managing pest species relies critically on mechanisms that regulate population dynamics, particularly those factors that change with population size. These density-dependent factors can help or hinder control efforts and are especially relevant considering recent advances in ...

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), and acceptance and willingness to pay (WTP) for mosquito-borne diseases control through sterile mosquito release in Bangkok, Thailand

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Kittayapong P, Ninphanomchai S, Jalichandra N, Sringernyuang L, Sherer P, Meemon N,  PLoS Negl Trop Dis,  19. 2025.
A questionnaire survey was conducted in seven communities in Bangkok, Thailand to obtain baseline information on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to mosquito-borne diseases, i.e., dengue, chikungunya and Zika, including mosquito vectors and how to control them. ...

Implications of successive blood feeding on Wolbachia-mediated dengue virus inhibition in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

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Johnson, R.M., Breban, M.I., Nolan, B.L. et al.,  Nat Commun,  16. 2025.
Wolbachia is a promising strategy to inhibit dengue virus (DENV) transmission by Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Laboratory studies assessing DENV inhibition by Wolbachia typically have not considered natural frequent mosquito blood feeding behavior. Here, we determine the impact of ...

Coproducing a Technology Readiness Level framework for non-persistent genetic biocontrol of aquatic invasive species

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Julie Badger, Rex Alirigia, Isabel Ameli, et al,  Journal of Environmental Management,  391. 2025.
Developing and implementing novel pest control technologies requires coordination and communication between technology developers, funding agencies, federal and state regulators, and early technology adopters. Efficient communication is particularly important for first-in-class ...

Driving a protective allele of the mosquito FREP1 gene to combat malaria

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Li, Z., Dong, Y., You, L. et al.,  Nature,  2025.
Malaria remains a substantial global health challenge, causing approximately half a million deaths each year1. The mosquito fibrinogen-related protein 1 (FREP1) is required for malaria parasites to infect the midgut epithelium2. The naturally occurring FREP1Q allele has been ...

Decoding and engineering temperature-sensitive lethality in Ceratitis capitata for pest control

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R.A. Aumann, G. Gouvi, M. Gregoriou,T. Rehling, G. Sollazzo, K. Bourtzis, and M.F. Schetelig,  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,  122. 2025.
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a species-specific and environmentally friendly method for effectively controlling pest insect populations based on releasing reared, sterile insects into infested areas. Sex sorting in rearing facilities, enabling male-only releases, is ...

CRISPR technologies for the control and study of malaria-transmitting anopheline mosquitoes

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Smidler, A.L., Akbari, O.S.,  Parasites Vectors,  18. 2025.
Malaria is one of the deadliest diseases on the planet, killing approximately 600,000 people annually, and is transmitted by the bite of an anopheline mosquito. Anophelines, and the diseases they transmit, have changed the course of history and the fate of nations, and their ...

Assessing the impact of the Wolbachia-based control of malaria

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Zhuolin Qu, Lauren M. Childs,  Mathematical Biosciences,  2025.
Malaria remains a significant infectious disease globally, causing hundreds of thousands of deaths each year. Traditional control methods, such as disease surveillance and mosquito control, along with the development of malaria vaccines, have made strides in reducing the ...

Dynamical analysis of a nonlocal delays spatial malaria model with Wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes release

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Liping Wang, Runqi Liu, Yangyang Shi,  Electronic Research Archive,  33:3177-3200. 2025.
Malaria continues to pose a considerable threat to global health. This study investigates the use of releasing Wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes as a method to mitigate the spread of malaria. We have formulated a reaction-diffusion model with nonlocal delays that includes the ...

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