
Keywords: fish
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B Chromosomes in Psalidodon scabripinnis (Characiformes, Characidae) Species ComplexD. Silva, J. P. Castro, C. A. G. Goes, R. Utsunomia, M. R. Vidal, C. N. Nascimento, L. F. Lasmar, F. G. Paim, L. B. Soares, C. Oliveira, F. Porto-Foresti, R. F. Artoni and F. Foresti, Animals (Basel), 12. 2022.![]() B chromosomes are extra-genomic components of cells found in individuals and in populations of some eukaryotic organisms. They have been described since the first observations of chromosomes, but several aspects of their biology remain enigmatic. Despite being present in hundreds ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Meiotic behavior, transmission and active genes of B chromosomes in the cichlid Astatotilapia latifasciata: new clues about nature, evolution and maintenance of accessory elementsA. L. Cardoso, N. B. Venturelli, I. da Cruz, F. M. de Sá Patroni, D. de Moraes, R. A. de Oliveira, R. Benavente and C. Martins, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2022.![]() Supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are dispensable genetic elements widespread in eukaryotes and are poorly understood mainly in relation to mechanisms of maintenance and transmission. The cichlid Astatotilapia latifasciata can harbor Bs in a range of 0 (named B -) and 1-2 (named ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Aquatic invasive species specialists’ perceptions on the importance of genetic tools and concepts to inform managementT. A. Bernos, K. M. Jeffries and N. E. Mandrak, Biological Invasions, 24:1863-1879. 2022.![]() Perceptions related to the importance of genetic research influence the mobilization of genetic tools and concepts to inform conservation actions. Research characteristics, stakeholders’ perspectives, knowledge, and social linkages with geneticists influence the outcome of ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Trojan trout: could turning an invasive fish into a ‘super-male’ save a native species?J. Miller, The Guardian, 2022.![]() Brook trout may greatly outnumber the Rio Grande cutthroat here, but nearly every brookie the team captures is male. That’s because many are a lab-produced variety known as “Trojan” brook trout. They are unique in that they carry not one, but two copies of the Y chromosome ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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The prince, the mayor, and the U.S. fish that ate JapanC. Elliot, National Geographic, 2022.![]() When Crown Prince Akihito visited Chicago on October 3, 1960, his sole request was to visit Shedd Aquarium. Then Mayor Richard J. Daley, an avid angler, presented the prince with a gift that he scooped with a net from one of the tanks himself: 18 bluegills, the official Illinois ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Applying functional genomics to the study of lamprey development and sea lamprey population controlJ. R. York, R. E. Thresher and D. W. McCauley, Journal of Great Lakes Research, 47:S639-S649. 2021.![]() Lampreys are one of the few survivors of an ancient lineage of jawless vertebrates and have become an important study organism in numerous disciplines in the biological sciences, including evolutionary biology, embryology, ecology, physiology and biomedicine. At the same time, ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Genetic control of invasive sea lamprey in the Great LakesD. Ferreira-Martins, J. Champer, D. W. McCauley, Z. Zhang and M. F. Docker, Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2021.![]() The invasive sea lamprey was a significant factor in the collapse of fish stocks in the Great Lakes, and it continues to threaten the multi-billion-dollar fishing industry. Thus, substantial resources are invested annually on sea lamprey control. Current control strategies have ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Meiotic self-pairing of the Psalidodon (Characiformes, Characidae) iso-B chromosome: A successful perpetuation mechanismD. Silva, C. Araya-Jaime, M. Yamashita, M. R. Vidal, C. Oliveira, F. Porto-Foresti, R. F. Artoni and F. Foresti, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 44:e20210084. 2021.![]() B chromosomes are non-essential additional genomic elements present in several animal and plant species. In fishes, species of the genus Psalidodon (Characiformes, Characidae) harbor great karyotype diversity, and multiple populations carry different types of non-essential B ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Genetically Engineered Fish: Potential Impacts on Aquaculture, Biodiversity, and the EnvironmentR. A. Dunham and B. Su, GMOs: Implications for Biodiversity Conservation and Ecological Processes, 2020.![]() Studies on transgenic fish for the aquaculture industry have focused on improving growth rates, enhancing disease resistance, altering body composition, acting as biological factories for medical proteins, and even altering temperature tolerance and coloration. The future impact ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Report of the ad hoc technical expert group on risk assessmentAd Hoc Technical Expert Group on Risk Assessment, Convention on Biological Diversity, 2020.![]() The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Cartagena Protocol further decided to extend the Online Forum on Risk Assessment and Risk Management to assist the AHTEG and invited submissions of information relevant to the work of the online forum and ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Development of control and sterilization technology for bluegill by genome editingM. A. Madsen, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 86:100-100. 2020.![]() This article is in Japanese Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Simulating effects of fitness and dispersal on the use of Trojan sex chromosomes for the management of invasive speciesC. C. Day, E. L. Landguth, R. K. Simmons, W. P. Baker, A. R. Whiteley, P. M. Lukacs and A. Bearlin, Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020.![]() The use of Trojan Y chromosomes (TYC) for controlling invasive species involves manipulating the sex chromosomes of captive-raised individuals. Following release, the offspring of these individuals consist of only one sex, thereby skewing the sex ratio of the invasive population ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Optimal control and analysis of a modified trojan Y-Chromosome strategyM. A. Beauregard, R. D. Parshad, S. Boon, H. Conaway, T. Griffin and J. J. Lyu, Ecological Modelling, 416. 2020.![]() The Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) strategy is a promising eradication method that attempts to manipulate the female to male ratio to promote the reduction of the population of an invasive species. The manipulation stems from an introduction of sex-reversed males, called supermales, ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Genetic control of Invasive carpMAISRC, Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, 2019.![]() This project focuses on a novel method of biocontrol for common carp which will complement existing technologies by introducing a synthetic species-like barrier to reproduction. Researchers will use programmable transcription activators to drive lethal embryonic overexpression of ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Biocontrol in Australia: Can a carp herpesvirus (CyHV-3) deliver safe and effective ecological restoration?Kopf, RKB, M.; Finlayson, C. M.; Hodges, K.; Humphries, P.; King, A.; Kingsford, R. T.; Marshall, J.; McGinness, H. M.; Thresher, R.; Vanderplasschen, A., Biological Invasions, 21:1857-1870. 2019.![]() The Australian Government is considering Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) for biocontrol of invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). We review the evidence-base for its potential ecological risks, benefits and effectiveness. Lower carp abundance may boost native fish biomass and ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Population Consequences of Releasing Sex-Reversed Fish: Applications and ConcernsC. Wederkind, Sex Control in Aquaculture, Chp 8:179-188. 2018.![]() Sex differentiation is generally more labile in gonochoristic fish than it is, for example, in birds and mammals. Environmentally induced sex reversal is, therefore, often possible, and creates genotype‐phenotype mismatches that can be useful in population management. ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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A spatially discrete, integral projection model and its application to invasive carpR. A. Erickson, E. A. Eager, P. M. Kocovsky, D. C. Glover, J. L. Kallis and K. R. Long, Ecological Modelling, 387:163-171. 2018.![]() Natural resource managers and ecologists often desire an understanding of spatial dynamics such as migration, dispersion, and meta-population dynamics. Network-node models can capture these salient features. Additionally, the state-variable used with many species may be ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Sex determination in Neotropical fish: Implications ranging from aquaculture technology to ecological assessmentJ. I. Fernandino and R. S. Hattori, General and Comparative Endocrinology, 273:172-183. 2018.![]() The high biodiversity of fish in the Neotropical region contrasts with scarce or biased studies on the mechanisms involved in the sex determination in members of this fauna. In this review, we attempted to compile the information available on determination, differentiation, and ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Evaluating active genetic options for the control of Sea Lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) in the Laurentian Great LakesThresher, REJ, Michael; Drake, D. Andrew, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 76:1186-1202. 2018.![]() For more than two decades the Great Lakes Fishery Commission has sought tactics to complement, and potentially replace, the use of barriers and lampricides to control Sea Lamprey in the Great Lakes, but thus far without success. This paper examines the potential of modern genetic ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Production of YY Supermale and XY Physiological Female Common Carp for Potential Eradication of this Invasive SpeciesM. Y. Jiang, X. X. Wu, K. X. Chen, H. R. Luo, W. Yu, S. T. Jia, Y. M. Li, Y. F. Wang, P. H. Yang, Z. Y. Zhu and W. Hu, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 49:315-327. 2018.![]() The common carp, Cyprinus carpio, is the third most cultivated freshwater species worldwide, but is also considered an invasive species. The Trojan Y chromosome strategy is one of the most promising methods to eradicate this invasive species. However, obtaining fertile YY ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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The optimal implementation of the Trojan Y chromosome eradication strategy of invasive speciesM. R. Kelly and X. Y. Wang, Journal of Biological Systems, 25:399-418. 2017.![]() Invasive aquatic species continue to be a persistent problem around the world. The Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) eradication strategy has recently been developed to help fight the problem in aquatic systems by targeting only the invasive species, sparing native marine stock. It ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Production of a YY Male Brook Trout Broodstock for Potential Eradication of Undesired Brook Trout PopulationsD. J. Schill, J. A. Heindel, M. R. Campbell, K. A. Meyer and E. Mamer, North American Journal of Aquaculture, 78:72-83. 2015.![]() Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis introduced outside of their native range often negatively impact native aquatic fauna or provide marginal fisheries and are frequently targeted for manual or piscicide removal in lakes and streams. Unfortunately, complete eradication of exotic ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Stochastic models for the Trojan Y-Chromosome eradication strategy of an invasive speciesX. Y. Wang, J. R. Walton and R. D. Parshad, Journal of Biological Dynamics, 10:179-199. 2015.![]() The Trojan Y-Chromosome (TYC) strategy, an autocidal genetic bio-control method, has been proposed to eliminate invasive alien species. In this work, we develop a Markov jump process model for this strategy, and we verify that there is a positive probability for wild-type females ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Ecological and evolutionary applications for environmental sex reversal of fishA. McNair, P. M. Lokman, G. P. Closs and S. Nakagawa, Quarterly Review of Biology, 90:23-44. 2015.![]() Environmental sex reversal (ESR), which results in a mismatch between genotypic and phenotypic sex, is well documented in numerous fish species and may be induced by chemical exposure. Historically, research involving piscine ESR has been carried out with a view to improving ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Sperm traits of masculinized fish relative to wild-type males: a systematic review and meta-analysesA. M. Senior, S. L. Johnson and S. Nakagawa, Fish and Fisheries, 17:143-164. 2014.![]() Environmental sex reversal (ESR), whereby environmental effects (e.g. exogenous chemicals) override genetic sex determination, is a commonly used technique in aquaculture and physiology research. We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses of the literature that compares ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Genetic control of invasive fish: technological options and its role in integrated pest managementThresher, REH, K.; Bax, N. J.; Teem, J.; Benfey, T. J.; Gould, F., Biological Invasions, 16:1201-1216. 2014.![]() Genetic options for the control of invasive fishes were recently reviewed and synthesized at a 2010 international symposium, held in Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, USA. The only option currently available "off-the-shelf'' is triploidy, which can be used to produce sterile males for a ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Evidence for meiotic drive as an explanation for karyotype changes in fishesMolina, WFM, P. A.; Bertollo, L. A. C.; Bidau, C. J., Marine Genomics, 15:29-34. 2014.![]() The process of preferential chromosome segregation during meiosis has been suggested to be responsible for the predominance of certain chromosome types in the karyotypes of mammals, birds and insects. We developed an extensive analysis of the fixation of mono- or bibrachial ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Preferential accumulation of sex and Bs chromosomes in biarmed karyotypes by meiotic drive and rates of chromosomal changes in fishesMolina, WFM, P. A.; Bertollo, L. A. C.; Bidau, C. J., Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias, 86:1801-1812. 2014.![]() Mechanisms of accumulation based on typical centromeric drive or of chromosomes carrying pericentric inversions are adjusted to the general karyotype differentiation in the principal Actinopterygii orders. Here, we show that meiotic drive in fish is also supported by preferential ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Analysis of the Trojan Y-Chromosome eradication strategy for an invasive speciesX. Y. Wang, J. R. Walton, R. D. Parshad, K. Storey and M. Boggess, Journal of Mathematical Biology, 68:1731-1756. 2013.![]() The Trojan Y-Chromosome (TYC) strategy, an autocidal genetic biocontrol method, has been proposed to eliminate invasive alien species. In this work, we analyze the dynamical system model of the TYC strategy, with the aim of studying the viability of the TYC eradication and ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Guidance on the environmental risk assessment of genetically modified animalsEuropean Food Safety Authority, European Food Safety Authority, 2013.![]() This document describes the six sequential steps for the ERA of GM animals, as indicated in Directive 2001/18/EC: (1) problem formulation including hazard and exposure identification; (2) hazard characterisation; (3) exposure characterisation; (4) risk characterisation; (5) risk ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Combining the Trojan Y chromosome and daughterless carp eradication strategiesJ. L. Teem and J. B. Gutierrez, Biological Invasions, 16:1231-1240. 2013.![]() The Trojan Y chromosome (TYC) strategy and the daughterless carp (DC) strategy represent two autocidal genetic biocontrol methods for eliminating invasive fish by changing the sex ratio of the population. Each strategy is designed to reduce the number of females in a target ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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A comparison of the Trojan Y Chromosome and daughterless carp eradication strategiesJ. L. Teem, J. B. Gutierrez and R. D. Parshad, 16, 16:1217-1230. 2013.![]() Two autocidal genetic biocontrol methods have been proposed as a means to eliminate invasive fish by changing the sex ratio of the population: the Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) strategy and the Daughterless Carp (DC) strategy. Both strategies were modeled using ordinary differential ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Genetic control of invasive fish: technological options and its role in integrated pest managementR. E. Thresher, K. Hayes, N. J. Bax, J. Teem, T. J. Benfey and F. Gould, Biological Invasions, 16:1201-1216. 2013.![]() Genetic options for the control of invasive fishes were recently reviewed and synthesized at a 2010 international symposium, held in Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, USA. The only option currently available "off-the-shelf'' is triploidy, which can be used to produce sterile males for a ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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Analysis of the Trojan Y chromosome model for eradication of invasive species in a dendritic riverine systemJ. B. Gutierrez, M. K. Hurdal, R. D. Parshad and J. L. Teem, Journal of Mathematical Biology, 64:319-340. 2011.![]() The use of Trojan Y chromosomes has been proposed as a genetic strategy for the eradication of invasive species. The strategy is particularly relevant to invasive fish species that have XY sex determination system and are amenable to sex-reversal. In this paper we study the ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |
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On the global attractor of the Trojan Y chromosome model.R. D. Parshad and J. B. Gutierrez, Communications on Pure and Applied Analysis, 10:339-359. 2010.![]() We consider the Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) model for eradication of invasive species in population dynamics. We present global estimates for the TYC system in a spatial domain. In this work we prove the existence of a global attractor for the system. We derive uniform estimates to ... Keywords: assessment, fish, gene drive synthetic, genetically modified, GMO, living modified organisms, LMO, policy, regulation, risk |

Contact
David O’Brochta
Foundation for the
National Institutes of Health
geneconvenevi@fnih.org
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